Tuzla

Tuzla is a city in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the seat of the Tuzla Canton and is the financial, logical, social, instructive, wellbeing and vacationer focus of upper east Bosnia.[1] After Sarajevo and Banja Luka, Tuzla is the third biggest city in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Preparatory outcomes from the 2013 Census demonstrate that the region has a populace of 120,441.[2]

Tuzla is an instructive focus and is home to two colleges. It is likewise the primary mechanical machine and one of the main monetary fortifications of Bosnia with a wide and fluctuated modern division including a growing administration part on account of its salt lake tourism. The city of Tuzla is home to Europe's just salt lake as a major aspect of its focal stop and has more than 100,000 individuals going to its shores each year.The history of the city does a reversal to the ninth century; present day Tuzla goes back to 1510 when it turned into a vital battalion town in the Ottoman Empire.

In Bosnia and Herzegovina, Tuzla is likewise viewed as a standout amongst the most multicultural urban communities in the nation and has figured out how to keep the pluralist character of the city all through the Bosnian War and after, with Bosniaks, Serbs, Croats and a little minority of Bosnian Jews dwelling in Tuzla

The name "Tuzla" is the Ottoman Turkish word for salt mine, tuzla, and alludes to the broad salt stores found underneath the city.

Archeological confirmation recommends that Tuzla was a rich Neolithic settlement. Being occupied persistently for over 6,000 years, Tuzla is one of the most seasoned European managed settlements. Amid the time of the Roman Republic (before the range was vanquished by Rome), Tuzla (or Salines as it was called at the time) was governed by the Illyrian tribe Breuci.[6]

The city was initially said in 950 by Constantine Porphyrogenitus in his De Administrando Imperio as a fortress named Salines (Greek: Σαλήνες). The name Soli was utilized as a part of the Middle Ages. It signifies "salts" in Bosnian and the city's available name signifies "place of salt" in Ottoman Turkish.[7] During the Middle Ages it had a place generally with the medieval Kingdom of Bosnia.

After the fall of the kingdom to the Ottoman Empire in 1463, the area was controlled by the House of Berislavić before the Ottomans possessed the towns of "Gornje Soli" and "Donje Soli" around 1512, and took control of the whole Usora in the 1530s.

It stayed under Ottoman manage for almost 400 years, where it was regulated as a major aspect of the Sanjak of Zvornik. In 1878 it was added by Austria-Hungary. After the disintegration of the government it turned into the part of the recently shaped Kingdom of Yugoslavia. The Husino uprising occurred in 1920.

In December 1944, the city was unsuccessfully assaulted by Chetnik powers of Draža Mihailović alongside the Serbian Assault Corps.[8][9] After the war it formed into a noteworthy modern and social focus amid the Communist time frame in the previous Yugoslavia.

n the 1990 races the Reformists won control of the region being the main region in Bosnia where non-patriots won. Amid the Bosnian war for autonomy between 1992–95 the town was the main district not administered by patriot powers. After Bosnia and Herzegovina proclaimed freedom and was perceived by the United Nations the city was blockaded by patriot Serbian strengths. A couple days after the fact Serbian strengths assaulted Tuzla. The town was not saved the outrages of the Bosnian war.

Sparkasse Bank of Tuzla.

1992 Yugoslav People's Army segment occurrence in Tuzla was an assault on the 92nd Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) Motorized Brigade in the city of Tuzla that occurred on 15 May 1992. The occurrence happened at the street intersection of Brčanska Malta as the JNA was experiencing a settled upon withdrawal from the city. No less than 50 individuals from the JNA were slaughtered and 44 injured amid the assaults.

On 25 May 1995, an assault on Tuzla murdered 71 individuals and harmed 200 people in what is alluded to as the Tuzla slaughter, when a shell hit the focal road and its promenade. The most youthful non military personnel who kicked the bucket in that slaughter was just two years of age.

Taking after the Dayton Peace Accords, Tuzla was the central command of the U.S. strengths for the Multinational Division (MND) amid Operation Joint Endeavor IFOR and consequent SFOR.

Tuzla is situated in the northeastern piece of Bosnia, settled just underneath the Majevica mountain extend, on the Jala River. The focal zone lies in an east-west arranged plain, with neighborhoods in the north and south of the city situated on the Ilinčica, Kicelj and Gradina Hills. It is 237 meters (778 feet) above ocean level. The atmosphere is direct mainland. There are plenteous coal stores in the district around Tuzla. 6 coal mines keep on operating around the city. A great part of the coal mined in the territory is utilized to control the Tuzla Power Plant, which is the biggest power plant in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Extractions of the city's salt stores, especially in the twentieth century, have brought on areas of the downtown area to sink. Structures in the "sinking range" either caved in or were obliterated, and there are few structures in the city that originate before the twentieth century, regardless of the way that the city was established more than 1000 years prior.

Tuzla is the main city in Europe that has a salt lake at its middle. The old Pannonian Sea became scarce around 10 million years prior, however work by specialists and researchers has now empowered a level of saline water to be kept stable at the surface, and in 2003 the Pannonian Lake was opened.

A moment lake that incorporates fake waterfalls was initiated in 2008. An archeological stop and copy Neolithic lake homes were likewise joined into the plan, giving data about the distinctive societies which left their material and otherworldly check here. The site has turned into a universal traveler destination.[10]

A third lake was finished in August 2012. Development costs for this were almost 2 million Bosnian imprints (ca. 1 million euros). This third lake likewise contains 2 water slides which are a fascination for the more youthful populace.

The late spring period of 2013 recorded roughly 5,000 guests for each day (c. 450,000 for 3 months).[

A standout amongst the most powerful essayists in the Balkans, Meša Selimović hails from Tuzla, and Tuzla has the yearly Meša Selimović book celebration in July, where a honor for the best novel written in the dialects of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia and Montenegro is displayed.

The principal proficient theater in Tuzla, Narodno Pozorište u Tuzli (The National Theater of Tuzla), was established by the siblings Mihajlo and Živko Crnogorčević in 1898 amid Austro-Hungarian lead, and is the most seasoned theater in the nation. The theater is working persistently since 1944.

The Portrait Gallery has constant displays of work by nearby and universal craftsmen.

The Ismet Mujezinović Gallery is essentially devoted to the late Ismet Mujezinović, a well known painter from Tuzla.

The Eastern Bosnia Museum displays archeological, ethnological, recorded and aesthetic pieces and relics from the entire area.

An outdoors gallery at Solni Trg, opened in 2004, recounts the account of salt creation in Tuzla.

Aside from Tuzla's numerous mosques, there is additionally an Orthodox church that went untouched all through the war.[14]

The Franciscan religious community nearby is still extremely dynamic as there is a sizable Catholic people group in Tuzla. Simply outside the town, in the adjacent town of Breska, is a 200-year-old Catholic church.[14] Tuzla is likewise home to an old Jewish graveyard which as of late experienced redesigns, sorted out by the OPEN Organization of Tuzla and the Jewish Municipality of Tuzla.[15]